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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. GILLET.

BOILBR. Y

No. 414,806. Patented Nov. 12,1889.

WiTN ESSES INVENTOR NV PETERS. Phulollhogrnphr. Washinghm. D. C.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3, E. GILLE'I.

BOILBR (No Model.)

No. 414,806. Patented Nov. 12, 1889'.

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UNITED STATES EEICE.

PATENT ETIENNE GILLET, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ELIZABETH ALINE GILLET, OF SAME PLACE.

BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,806, dated November 12, 1889.

i Application iiled May l1, 1888. Serial No. 273,639. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETIENNE GILLET, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

In steam-boilers, notwithstanding the advances which have been made, there is an enormous waste of heat carried off with the products of combustion, and the percentage of efficiency compared with the amount of heat liberated by the combustion of the fuel is comparativeljT small. v

The primary object of my invention is t improve the construction and increase the efficiency of steam-boilers.

In carrying out my invention I increase the heating-surface in a boiler of any given dimensions far beyond anything heretofore attained, and, in fact, may readily increase the boiler-surface to any desired degree deemed expedient in view of the amount of fuel consumed and the work to be done.

All the structural and economical features of my invention will be clearly apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which I have described and illus? trated one practical and efficient embodiment of the invention.

That other forms of boilers than that shown in 'the drawings, utilizing the principles of construction herein described, may be made and used with advantage, and that, in boilers of the general type illustrated, the details of construction and manner of connecting or assembling the parts may be varied, there is no doubt.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a vertical longitudinal section through one form of boiler embodying the principles of my invention; Fig. 2, a transverse section on the' line 2 2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a detail sectional view illustrating one manner of joining the boiler-sections, and also showing a cast-ironv cap-plate for protecting the top of the boiler; Fig. 4., a detail sectional view illustrating another way of uniting the boiler-sections; Fig. 5, a vertical longitudinal section through a portion of a compound boiler having concentric boilers constructed and provided with surface-increasing plates after the manner shown in Fig. 1. Fig. G is a horizontal section through the same on line 6 6 of Fig. 5, omitting the tie-bolts and perforations in plates; and Fig. 7 is a side and Fig. S an end view illustrating au ordinary tubular' boiler having surface-increasing plates introduced at some of the joints.

The boiler illustrated is formed in sections properly secured and clamped together, and between the sections and at each joint, if desired, I may introduce one or more plates of metal,which projectinto the boiler-space, and also into the combustion or heating chamber. These plates are preferably made of a metal possessing a high degree of heat-conductivitye-such, for instance, as copper, or alumina, or phosphor-bronze, or other suitable metal having sufficientrefractoriness to stand the temperature to which it is subjected.

A and B respectively represent exterior and interior metal rings, which may be built up one upon another to form an annular boilerchamber C and an interior combustion-chamber A. Preferably at the top and bottom of any such aggregation of sections forming a boiler I prefer to employ a cast-iron end section E, the end sections and all the intermediate sections being tied together by bolts or rods f, extending from the lower casting E through the cast-iron top piece and having suitable nuts or other fastening devices. At the joints gbetween the sections of the boiler, and preferably at each joint, I introduce metal plates I, which Aproject into -the water-space of the boiler, and also into the central combustion-chamber A. There the plates cross the annularboiler-chamber, and are clamped also between the exterior rings A, their portions within the boiler are perforated. They may also be perforated, as shown, where they project into the combustion-chamberg but this may be considered unnecessary,and perhapsfor some reasons it may not be desirable. The plates may also be corrugated, as shown in Fig. 3. The joints between the boiler-sections and plates may of course be constructed in any manner affording sufficient strength' and tightness. In -the detail view, Fig. 3, I

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have shown the edges of the boiler rings or sections (which preferably are carefully turned or ground) as chamfered or formed somewhat wedge-shaped. When these wedgeshaped edges are brought into contact with therelatively-sott heat-conducting plates between them and all are drawn together with suilieient force, a close joint is formed bythe indentation or embedding of the edges in the surfaces of the plates; or the boiler-sections may be formed with flanges a Z) and bolted together, as indicated in Fig. 4; or any suitable joint may be employed and rendered tight, either by packing or otherwise.

The examples I have given are sufficient for illustration, and it is needless to multiply or suggest modifications either in this or other parts of the invention.

In Figs. l and 3, K indicates a cast-iron cover, which may be placed over t-he threaded ends and bolts of the tie-rod to protect them from the heat. Instead of introducing one heat-conducting plate at a joint, I may use two or more. Of course the joint would be formed in precisely the same way; but the boiler-surface will be increased. -When two or more plates are employed, they would by preference be bent to standout of contact with each other, both in the combustion-chamber and in the boiler.

X represents an ordinary fire-box, and Y the stack.

As is common in manyvelasses of steamboilers, the feed-water can be heated by the escaping products of combustion. This may be accomplished in the following manner: The pipe j) from the feed-water pump passes up to the stack or upper portion of the combustion-chamber, in which it is coiled, and then passes down to the Water-space of the boiler. Suitable pressure and level gages and safety-Valves of any ordinary construetion will be employed.

Freni what has been said it will be obvious that the surface-increasing plates conduct the heat from the combustion-ehamber or from the products ot.' combustion directly into the body of water within the boiler, and that consequently not only can steam be gotten up with the utmost rapidity, but a marked economy is attained, in that the heat is utilized for the formation of steam to a far greater extent than has ever before been done. Ol course the scctions of the boiler maybe made of such size or height as may be desired to afford the necessary number of plates at the joints, and of course one or more plates will beused at a joint, according to the requirements for any given boiler. The most eicient amount of boiler-surface may be readily theoretically calculated and form a basis for the construction of the boiler, size of plates, dsc.

One considerable advantage incident to my improved construction is that boilers of great or small capacity may be constructed merely by using a greater or less number of sections. For making boilers, therefore, of many different sizes it is only necessary to provide a stock of top and bottom end pieces, the intermediate boiler rings orV sections, (which may be made of cast or wrought metal, but prefer; bly of wrought metah) and also to form certain of the sections with suitable connections for water and steam for the gages, safety-valves, the. Then by using agreater or less number of sections a boiler ol' any desired capacity may be constructed. This, in connection with the surface-increasing plates, I consideran important feature ot my invention.

Whenever a boiler becomes lfoul or incrusted, it is only necessary to loosen the tierods or such other holding or clamping devices as may be employed (I do not limit myself to any particular construction in this regard) and take the sections of the boiler apart. The sections and surface-increasing plates may then readily be cleaned with much less diiiiculty and expense than is possible with ordinary boilers, and all the parts again assembled with but slight expense and delay. The value of thus being able to clean the sections and surface-increasing plates will be readily comprehended when one considers the great difficulty, delay, and cost involved in removing incrustation from an ordinary locomotive or other tubular boiler. lVhere the plates are introduced into the steam-space ol' the boiler, one being so shown in Fig. l, they serve as driers of the steam.

Figs. 5 and 6 show a compound boiler similar in details of construction to that illustrated in Fig. l. Two boilers are arranged concentrically, and the surfaceincreasing plates project into the combustion or heating chamber and into the boiler exactly as in Fig. l. In other words, these ligures illustrate a duplication or aggregation of boilers of the type shown in Fig. l. Each annular section oi' the boiler is connected with its adjoining section by one or more cross-pipes or passage-ways z, and all the sections will be preferably connected with a common steam space or dome. Part ol' the products of combustion may pass up through the central chamber and part be directed by means of suitable dampers into the chamber between the inner and outer boilers, and thence to the stack.

The invention is not limited to any specific form of plate for conducting the heat into the water. So far as I am aware I am the irst to make a sectional boiler having introduced at the joints metallic surface-increasing plates or bodies. Also, aside from the peculiar type of boiler illustrated, I am, so far as I am aware, the iirst to introduce at the joints or seams of steam-boilers surface-increasing plates.

My invention is equally applicable to ordinary types of boilers in which surface-increasing plates may be introduced at the seams and the three plates secured by the rivets which ordinarily hold the two overlapping plates. For instance, that portion of TOO IIO

the ordinary boiler-surface just above the are bent-so as to leave a central portion r,

over which the adjoining edges of the boileriron lap, and all three thicknesses are secured by the same rivets.

That I claim as my invention isl. The combination, with a sectional boiler, of heat-conducting surface-increasing plates introduced between the sections and projecting into the boiler.

2. The combination, in an annular sectional boiler, of the annular sections and annular heat-conducting surface-increasing plates introduced between the sections and projecting into the boiler and into the heating or combustion chamber.

o. The combination of the interior and eX- terior boiler rings or sections, superposed one upon the other so as to form an annular boiler having a central combustion-chamber, and heat-conducting plates clamped between the rings and extending into the boiler and into the combustionchamber- 4. The combination of the boiler sections or rings, the heat-conducting plates introduced at the joints, and the tie-rods for binding the parts together.

5. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the boiler, of heat-conducting surface-increasing plates introduced at the joints of the boiler and projecting into the Waterspace.

6. The combination, with a steam-boiler having seams or joints, of heat-conducting surface-increasing plates introduced at such seams or joints and extending into the boiler and into a heating or combustion chamber of the boiler.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

ETIENNE GILLET.

Witnesses: v LoUrs E. DELoW,

EDWARD. G. DAVIDSON. 

